4^th Antibodies, Antibiotics and Bio Therapeutics Congress: R&D, Market and B2B

Infectious Diseases

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The evidence indicates that two simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIV), one from Chimpanzees (SIVcpz) and the other from sooty mangabeys (SIVsm), crossed the species barrier to humans, generating HIV-1 and HIV-2, respectively. The importance of characterizing the prevalence, geographic distribution, and genetic diversity of naturally occurring SIV infections to investigate whether humans continue to be exposed to SIV and if such exposure could lead to additional zoonotic transmissions. Through vigorous efforts made in the past two centuries, public health workers have succeeded in developing vaccines, antibiotics, and chemotherapeutics, and as a result most infectious diseases have been brought under control in industrialized countries. However, in developing countries, infectious diseases have been harder to contain, and the increase in migration and movement of populations in the last two decades has made national boundaries disappear as far as the transmission of infection is concerned. Some diseases, such as malaria, have been eradicated from industrialized countries mainly through extensive work on vector control, but their presence in developing countries has increased because of neglect or drug resistance. One of these proteases (Histidine Aspartic Protease, HAP) is homologous to three other aspartic proteases involved in hemoglobin metabolism but has a histidine in place of one of the two aspartic acids involved in catalysis.